Steroid abuse in younger generation

Contributed by

Dr Parey Mohd Farooq , MD.MRCEM.

Member of Europeans society of emergency medicine .

Emergency medicine specialist ,educational and training lead ,

Royal Lancaster infirmary ,University Hospital of Morecambe bay NHS foundation trust ,United kingdom

Abstract:

Steroid abuse among young people is rampant in today’s society. The usage of steroids has increased over the past few years, and it is no longer confined to professional athletes or bodybuilders. Anabolic steroids are synthetic versions of the hormone testosterone that are intended to enhance muscle growth and athletic performance. However, their misuse can lead to serious health problems such as heart disease, liver cancer, and infertility. This article aims to review the pathophysiology of steroid abuse and its hazards for the young generation.

Introduction:

Steroid abuse has become a significant public health concern owing to the significant increase in steroid use among young people. Steroids are commonly used by those who wish to enhance muscle mass and athletic performance, but many people do not realize the potential health risks associated with their use. This article aims to highlight the health pathophysiology of steroid abuse in the young generation, including the risks of cardiovascular disease, liver damage, and reproductive dysfunction.

Pathophysiology of Steroid Abuse:

Steroids work by activating the androgen receptor, which, in turn, stimulates protein synthesis, leading to muscle growth. However, steroids also inhibit the catabolism of muscle proteins, leading to a net accumulation of amino acids in muscle cells, which can cause cellular damage. Steroids also increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative stress, which can damage cells and cause inflammation. Steroid abuse has been shown to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease in young people by altering lipid metabolism, blood pressure, and insulin sensitivity.

Hazards of Steroid Abuse:

The use of steroids among the young generation can lead to several hazardous conditions. The most common include liver damage, cardiovascular disease, and reproductive dysfunction. Anabolic steroids are metabolized in the liver, leading to liver damage and an increased risk of liver cancer. The use of steroids can also alter lipid metabolism, leading to the formation of blood clots and atherosclerosis, which can lead to heart attacks and strokes. Additionally, steroid abuse can lead to infertility, decreased libido, and impotence in males, while females may experience menstrual irregularities and fertility issues.

Steroid abuse among the young generation is a significant public health concern. The pathophysiology of steroid abuse involves the stimulation of muscle growth, oxidative stress, inflammation, and dysfunction of various vital organs. The potential hazards of steroid abuse include liver damage, cardiovascular disease, and reproductive dysfunction. It is important for healthcare professionals to educate the public on the risks associated with steroid abuse and to provide effective prevention and treatment strategies.